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Cholelithiasis: References

1. Burkitt DP. The protective properties of dietary fiber. N C Med J. 1981;42:467–471.

2. Friedman GD, Kannel WB, Dawber TR. The epidemiology of gallbladder disease: observations in the Framingham Study. J Chronic Dis. 1966;19:273–292.

3. Pixley F, Wilson D, McPherson K, Mann J. Effect of vegetarianism on development of gallstones in women. BMJ. 1985;291:11–12.

4. Simon JA, Hudes ES. Serum ascorbic acid and gallbladder disease prevalence among US adults: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:931–936.

5. Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Willett WC, et al. Dietary protein and the risk of cholecystectomy in a cohort of US women: the Nurses' Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2004;60:11–18.

6. Maclure KM, Hayes KC, Colditz GA, et al. Dietary predictors of symptom–associated gallstones in middle–aged women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52:916–922.

7. Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL. The effect of long–term intake of cis unsaturated fats on the risk for gallstone disease in men: a prospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:514–522.

8. Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Willett WC, et al. Long–term intake of trans–fatty acids and risk of gallstone disease in men. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:1011–1015.

9. Erlinger S. Gallstones in obesity and weight loss. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2000;12:1347–1352.

10. Thornton JR, Emmett PM, Heaton KW. Diet and gall stones: effects of refined and unrefined carbohydrate diets on bile cholesterol saturation and bile acid metabolism. Gut. 1983;24:2–6.

11. Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Willett WC, et al. Dietary carbohydrates and glycaemic load and the incidence of symptomatic gall stone disease in men. Gut. 2005;54:823–828.

12. Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Willett WC, et al. Long–term intake of dietary fiber and decreased risk of cholecystectomy in women. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004;99:
1364–1370.

13. Attili AF, Scafato E, Marchioli R, et al. Diet and gallstones in Italy: the cross–sectional MICOL results. Hepatology. 1998;27:1492–1498.

14. Everhart JE. Contributions of obesity and weight loss to gallstone disease. Ann Intern Med. 1993;119:1029–1035.

15. Syngal S, Coakley EH, Willett WC, et al. Long–term weight patterns and risk for cholecystectomy in women. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:471–477.

16. Gebhard RL, Prigge WF, Ansel HJ, et al. The role of gallbladder emptying in gallstone formation during diet–induced rapid weight loss. Hepatology. 1996;24:544–548.

17. Leitzmann MF, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, et al. Prospective study of alcohol consumption patterns in relation to symptomatic gallstone disease in men. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1999;23:835–841.

18. de Lorimier AA. Alcohol, wine, and health. Am J Surg. 2000;180:357–361.

19. Patrick L. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: relationship to insulin sensitivity and oxidative stress. Treatment approaches using vitamin E, magnesium, and betaine. Altern Med Rev. 2002;7:276–291.

20. Leitzmann MF, Giovannucci EL, Rimm EB, et al. The relation of physical activity to risk for symptomatic gallstone disease in men. Ann Intern Med. 1998;
128:417–425.

21. Leitzmann MF, Rimm EB, Willett WC, et al. Recreational Physical Activity and the Risk of Cholecystectomy in Women. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:777–784.

 

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