Influenza: Nutritional Considerations

The nutritional status of the host can affect immunity in a variety of ways, and deficiencies of most micronutrients can impair immunity, including antibody response.¹² However, the immune response to vaccination in older patients, was not associated with plasma levels of several micronutrients known to affect immunity, such as retinol and zinc.¹³ Nor was immune response improved by supplementation with a combination multiple vitamin/trace element formula.¹⁴

A botanical extract may be of benefit. The berries of black elder contain high levels of naturally occurring flavonoids that have been shown to markedly stimulate proinflammatory cytokine production.¹⁵ These flavonoids also act against herpes simplex virus type 1, respiratory syncytial virus, and the parainfluenza and influenza viruses.¹⁶ Two randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials found that black elderberry extract reduced the duration of influenza by > 50%.^15,16 Further research is necessary to confirm its effectiveness.

Orders

See Basic Diet Orders chapter.

What to Tell the Family

Influenza is easily transmitted within a household or closed living environments, such as nursing homes. Covering one's mouth and nose while coughing and sneezing, and prompt hand washing should be encouraged. Refraining from touching the eyes and nose may also help prevent respiratory infections. A flu vaccine is important for older persons and anyone with a chronic disease, such as diabetes and asthma. In addition, when flu occurs in the family, prescription medicines may be effective for treatment or prevention if they are received within 48 hours of symptom onset.